Basic chemistry

  Introduction  Matter is made up of atoms or molecules. The arrangement of these molecules determines the state of matter. There are three recognised state of matter : Solid, Liquid and Gas. Matter can change between states when the temperature or pressure is changed. State changes of matter are physical rather than chemical. Difference between states of matter  GASEOUS STATE  Important properties of gases :  ( i ) Mass : Mass in gm = Moles × Molecular mass.  (i i) Volume : Volume of the gas is the volume of container in which they are filled in.  (iii) Temperature : Temperature of a gas is the measure of kinetic energy of gas.                      Kinetic energy ∝ Temperature ( i v) Pressure : Pressure of gas is defined as the force exerted by the gas on the walls of its container. It is often assumed that pressure is isotropic, i.e. it is the same in all the three directions.  Pressure = Force/ Area   P = Mg/ A = (v× d× g )/A  = (A ×h× d× g)/ A   P = hdg  Where.... h = height of th