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PERIODIC TABLE

 Modern Periodic table Modern Periodic Law :  The recent work has established that the fundamental property of an atom is atomic number and not atomic weight. Therefore, atomic number is taken as the basis of the classification of the elements. The modern periodic law was given by Moseley, it may be stated as : ''The properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic number". Modern periodic table is also called long form of the periodic table or Bohr’s table. In this table, the elements are arranged in order of their increasing atomic number. It consists of 4 blocks (s, p, d and f), 18 groups numbered from 1 to 18 and 7 periods numbered from 1 to 7. Short tricks to learn periodic table  Blocks : The periodic table is divided into four main blocks (s, p, d and f) depending upon the subshell to which the valence electron enters into.  (1) Elements of group 1 and 2 constitute s-Block.   (2) Elements of group 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 constitut...

The Heat is On: Understanding the Significance of Melting Points

 The Heat is On: Understanding the Significance of Melting Points Melting point  What is Melting point  Melting point is a fundamental physical property of a substance, which is defined as the temperature at which a solid substance transforms into a liquid state at atmospheric pressure. This is a critical property because it can be used to identify a pure substance, to determine its purity, and to understand its behavior under varying conditions of temperature and pressure. Melting point is a characteristic property of a substance, which means that it is unique to that substance and does not depend on the size or shape of the sample. However, the melting point may vary slightly depending on the conditions under which the measurement is taken, such as the rate of heating, the size of the sample, and the purity of the substance. Therefore, the melting point of a substance is usually reported as a range of temperatures rather than a single value. The melting point of a subst...

Properties of bases

Bases Substances with bitter taste and give a soapy touch are known as bases but many bases have corrosive nature. So bases are defined as "  According to Arrhenius : those substances which give hydroxide or hydroxyl ion (OH - ) in their aqueous solution" are called bases. Properties of Bases The following are the characteristic properties of bases:  1. Taste and Touch  Bases have a bitter taste and their solutions are soapy to touch. 2. Action on indicators . The colours shown by three commonly used indicators in presence of bases are listed below for easy recall.    colours of some common indicators in basic solution  Indicator  colour in basic medium    1. Litmus  Blue    2. Phenolphthalein  Pink    3. Methyl orange  Yellow   3.Conduction of electricity and dissociation of bases...